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arXiv Machine Learning · 2026/8/3 17:50:54

Pseudorandom Streams within Diffusion Models Act as Learnable Inputs That Affect Generation Quality

AI 中文解读
核心亮点:研究发现,AI绘画背后的“随机数”其实并不完全随机,它们本身就像一种“隐藏密码”,悄悄影响着生成图片的好坏。 通俗解读:AI生成图片时,会用到一堆看似随机的数字来启动创作。但科学家发现,这些数字在电脑里其实是按固定规律算出来的,有点像“伪随机”。更神奇的是,AI模型会“记住”这种规律,把它当成一种额外输入,从而影响最终画出来的图质量。研究用了两种方法验证,发现不同随机数会带来明显不同的生成效果,甚至能用数学公式描述这种关系。也就是说,随机数的产生方式,本身就成了AI创作的一部分。 实际影响:这项研究对普通用户影响不大,但对AI开发者很重要。未来他们可以像调“配方”一样选择更好的随机数生成器,让AI画图、写视频更稳定、更高质量。对普通用户来说,以后用AI生成图片时,可能同样的提示词,换个随机种子就能得到截然不同的效果,甚至还能通过微调“随机”参数来获得更满意的作品,相当于多了一个隐藏的调节按钮。
Diffusion models rely on stochastic inputs, yet on finite-precision hardware, the "randomness" they consume is realized as deterministic numerical orbits generated by pseudorandom rules. Accessible orbit structure can become a learnable input and affect both training and generation because the realized loss and its gradient depend on the concrete pseudorandom values consumed at each optimization step. A small multilayer perceptron predicts the next value of an orbit from its recent history, measuring general sequence predictability. A diffusion probe replaces real images with online random tensors while preserving the diffusion architecture and training objective, measuring whether the target system can exploit orbit structure. After controlling marginal statistics and screening out clear dynamical and finite-precision failures, the remaining orbits still produce markedly different diffusion losses and generation quality on MNIST and CIFAR-10. Both measures show strong rank correlations with macroscopic generation degradation, although their local rankings differ. After normalization by the IID baseline, the probe loss and the real-data diffusion loss approximately follow an empirical power law, with different exponents on the two datasets. These results suggest that a pseudorandom source is not only a distributional choice, but also a model-dependent structured input.
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